Cov kabmob hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, mus dhau ntawm forging, dov, xuas nrig ntaus, tig, sib tsoo, kho cua sov thiab lwm yam txheej txheem, yuav tshwm sim txhua yam tsis xws luag.Cov nram qab no yog tsib yam tsis xws luag hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom.
1, forging defects - forging folding
Vim yog cov khoom txiav tsis sib xws, burr, ya dav hlau thiab lwm yam laj thawj, nws yog ib qho yooj yim rau daim ntawv folding ntawm qhov chaw, uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm tuab folding, cov duab tsis sib xws, yooj yim rau pom ntawm qhov chaw.
Nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv fluorescent magnetic hmoov rau kev kuaj pom qhov tsis xws luag kom pom tseeb thiab nkag siab.Forged thiab folded magnetic marks thiab nto rau hauv ib lub kaum sab xis ntawm txoj kab, zawj thiab ntses nplai daim ntawv.
Cov seem tsis xws luag tau ua rau hauv cov qauv metallographic thiab pom nyob rau hauv lub tshuab tsom.Tus Tsov tus tw yog puag ncig thiab blunt, ob sab yog du, thiab muaj qhov pom tseeb oxidation tshwm sim.Tsis muaj cov khoom siv thiab lwm lub cev txawv teb chaws tau pom nyob rau hauv qhov tsis xws luag.Tom qab cov kua qaub txias corroded lub metallographic specimen, qhov tsis xws luag thiab nws ob sab muaj loj decarburization thiab oxidation.Qhov saum npoo morphology ntawm cov txheej txheem tsis xws luag tau pom, thiab cov yas deformation kab yog pom tseeb, tsis muaj tearing fracture morphology.Los ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas microhardness thiab metallographic soj ntsuam, carburizing hardening tshwm sim muaj nyob rau hauv ntau qib ntawm cov txheej txheem defect.Hauv kev xaus, qhov tsis xws luag yuav tsum muaj ua ntej kev kho cua sov thiab quenching, thiab sib txuas lus nrog lub ntiaj teb sab nraud, thiab raug txiav txim siab forged folding.
2, forging defects - forging overburn
Overheat yuav tshwm sim thaum lub forging cua sov kub siab dhau heev lawm thiab tuav lub sij hawm ntev dhau lawm.Hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, cov nplej ciam teb oxidation lossis txawm tias melting yuav tshwm sim.Kev soj ntsuam microscopic qhia tau hais tias cov hlau lis ciam teb ntawm txheej txheej yog oxidized thiab tawg nrog lub kaum ntse ntse.Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ciam teb nplej kuj tau pib yaj nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas cov hlau sab hauv yog sib cais ntau dua, thiab nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, taw tes qhov tsua tsim.Cov khoom siv overburned yog forged nyob rau hauv qhov tsis xws luag, raug hnyav rauj forging, xuas nrig ntaus thiab sib tsoo, thiab qhov tsis xws luag yuav tsim kua muag ntawm no, ua rau muaj qhov tsis xws luag.Qhov hnyav overburned nto ntawm forging yog zoo li txiv kab ntxwv tev nrog nplua tawg thiab tuab oxide tev.
Nws raug nquahu kom siv fluorescent magnetic hmoov rau kev kuaj pom qhov tsis xws luag kom pom tseeb dua.Lub qhov pitting yog tshwm sim los ntawm overburning defects nyob rau hauv forging.
Kev soj ntsuam microscopic ntawm cov qauv metallographic ua raws li qhov tsis xws luag tau pom tias cov qhov tau muab faib rau ntawm qhov chaw thiab qhov chaw thib ob.Lub qhov yog angular nyob rau hauv qee qhov chaw, nrog ntau qhov sib txawv thiab tsis muaj hauv qab hauv qhov tob.Muaj cov kab nrib pleb zoo ntawm cov npoo thiab cov ciam teb oxidation hauv qee qhov chaw.Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov tawg tau pom tom qab raug smashed raws qhov tsis xws luag.Nws tau pom tias qhov tawg yog pob zeb-zoo li tus, thiab ntau lub qhov thiab micro-cracks tau faib rau nws.
3. Quenching tawg
Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem quenching, thaum lub quenching kub yog siab dhau los yog qhov txias txias yog ceev heev, qhov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv yog ntau dua li lub zog tawg ntawm cov khoom, yuav muaj quenching tawg.
fluorescent magnetic particle soj ntsuam yuav tsum tau siv los txhim kho rhiab heev thiab kev ntseeg tau.Sib nqus cov cim ntawm quenching tsis xws luag yog feem ntau oblique, ncig, dendritic los yog reticular, nrog ib tug dav pib txoj hauj lwm thiab maj mam thinning raws li extension kev taw qhia.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub circumferential kev taw qhia tis, tail tapering.Tom qab txiav cov kab nrib pleb los ua cov qauv metallographic, nws tuaj yeem pom tias qhov tawg yog qhov sib sib zog nqus heev, feem ntau yog perpendicular mus rau sab nrauv, thiab tsis muaj cov khoom siv thiab lwm yam txawv teb chaws pom nyob rau hauv qhov tawg.Nws tau pom tias cov pob txha tawg yog nkig thiab qhov chaw ntawm qhov tawg yog pom tseeb pyrochromatic.
4, sib tsoo tsis xws luag
Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem quenching, thaum lub quenching kub yog siab dhau los yog qhov txias txias yog ceev heev, qhov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv yog ntau dua li lub zog tawg ntawm cov khoom, yuav muaj quenching tawg.
fluorescent magnetic particle soj ntsuam yuav tsum tau siv los txhim kho rhiab heev thiab kev ntseeg tau.Sib nqus cov cim ntawm quenching tsis xws luag yog feem ntau oblique, ncig, dendritic los yog reticular, nrog ib tug dav pib txoj hauj lwm thiab maj mam thinning raws li extension kev taw qhia.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub circumferential kev taw qhia tis, tail tapering.Tom qab txiav cov kab nrib pleb los ua cov qauv metallographic, nws tuaj yeem pom tias qhov tawg yog qhov sib sib zog nqus heev, feem ntau yog perpendicular mus rau sab nrauv, thiab tsis muaj cov khoom siv thiab lwm yam txawv teb chaws pom nyob rau hauv qhov tawg.Nws tau pom tias cov pob txha tawg yog nkig thiab qhov chaw ntawm qhov tawg yog pom tseeb pyrochromatic.
5. Cov khoom siv tsis zoo
Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem kev sib tsoo ntawm cov kabmob, kev sib tsoo cov kab nrib pleb yog ib qho yooj yim uas tshwm sim vim kev noj ntau dhau ntawm kev sib tsoo lub log, lub log ntawm cov xuab zeb khiav tawm, kev txiav cov kua dej tsis txaus thiab cov khoom sib tsoo ntawm cov pob zeb sib tsoo.Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum kho cua sov, quenching kub yog siab dhau, uas ua rau overheating ntawm cov khoom, coarse nplej, ntau residual austenite ntim, mesh thiab coarse hais.
Cov cim sib nqus ntawm kev sib tsoo tsis xws luag feem ntau yog netted, radial, parallel linear lossis tawg.Cov cim sib nqus yog nyias thiab ntse, nrog cov qauv qhia meej thiab ntau ntawm lawv, uas feem ntau yog perpendicular rau kev sib tsoo.Magnetic marks feem ntau yog concentrated nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ib feem, raws lub circumferential kev taw qhia, nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm ib tug ntev kab los yog dendritic, ib nrab bifurcation, magnetic marks convergence.
Nws tau pom tias qhov tawg ntu yog zoo thiab perpendicular rau saum npoo.Tsis muaj cov khoom suav nrog, oxide nplai thiab lwm lub cev txawv teb chaws tau pom nyob rau hauv qhov tawg.
Post lub sij hawm: Jun-20-2022